Which term refers to the measure of how much mass is in a given volume?

Density is defined as the measure of how much mass is contained within a specific volume. Mathematically, it is calculated by dividing an object's mass by its volume, typically expressed in units like grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) or kilograms per liter (kg/L). This concept is crucial in various scientific fields, as it helps in understanding how substances interact, their buoyancy in fluids, and how materials can be compared in terms of their compactness.

For example, when determining whether an object will float or sink in water, its density relative to that of water is key. If the density of the object is less than that of water, it will float, while if it is more, it will sink. This relationship highlights the importance of density in practical applications and natural phenomena.

The other terms refer to different concepts: weight pertains to the force exerted by gravity on an object, mass is the total amount of matter in an object regardless of its gravitational pull, and volume measures the space that an object occupies. While these concepts are related, density specifically addresses the ratio of mass to volume, making it the correct answer.