What type of information is supported by observations and is considered true?

The correct answer is fact. A fact refers to information that is based on observable phenomena and can be verified. It is something that is accepted as true and is supported by evidence, often derived from direct observation or experimentation. For example, the boiling point of water at sea level is a fact because it can be consistently observed and measured.

In contrast, a theory is a broader concept that explains a range of observations and is supported by substantial evidence, but it is not considered an absolute truth. It can be refined or rejected with new evidence. An opinion represents a personal belief or judgment that may not necessarily be grounded in observable phenomena. A hypothesis is a proposed explanation based on limited evidence, which is then tested through further observation and experimentation, but it has not yet been proven to be true or false. Thus, a fact stands out as the most reliable type of information that is backed by observations and widely accepted as true.