What is the term for an inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival?

An inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival is referred to as adaptation. Adaptations are traits that have evolved over time through the process of natural selection, as organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. These traits can be physical, like the thick fur of an animal in cold climates, or behavioral, such as migration patterns. By enhancing an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a specific environment, adaptations play a crucial role in the ongoing process of evolution, helping species to become better suited to their habitats. This concept is foundational in understanding how species change over time in response to environmental pressures.