What is the term for the gradual process where fertile land becomes desert?

The term for the gradual process where fertile land becomes desert is desertification. This phenomenon occurs due to various factors, including climate change, poor land management practices, deforestation, and overgrazing. When soil loses its nutrients and moisture, it becomes less capable of supporting plant life, leading to a shift in the landscape toward desert-like conditions.

Desertification is particularly concerning because it not only affects the environment and biodiversity but also has significant social and economic implications, as it can lead to reduced agricultural productivity and increased food scarcity. Understanding this process is crucial for implementing sustainable land management practices that can help prevent further degradation of fertile areas.