What does population density measure?

Population density specifically measures the number of individuals living within a defined unit of area, often expressed as people per square mile or square kilometer. This metric provides insight into how crowded or sparse a particular area is in terms of human habitation. For example, a city may have a high population density with many people living in a small area, while a rural area may have a low population density due to fewer people spread over a larger space. Understanding population density is crucial for urban planning, resource allocation, and environmental studies, as it impacts various social and economic factors within communities.